Broadband where fixed-line penetration is under 5%

India has 1.4 billion people and fixed-broadband penetration under 5%. Dabba's answer is not to build a network itself but to pay the people who already run the last mile: local cable operators, small neighbourhood businesses, who install and maintain hotspots and earn recurring income from subscriptions in their own communities. 82 or more operators are now partners.

The number that matters here is not the hotspot count. It's that roughly $8.4 million a year in revenue comes from ordinary households buying internet access. Most networks of this kind pay their participants out of token emissions and call the result adoption. Dabba's revenue comes from customers, which makes it one of very few projects in this category with a business rather than a subsidy.

The network moved 42.67 petabytes in the last 30 days, serving around 1.05 million daily active users.